flash: implies a sudden and transient burst of bright light: lightning ~.  （flash有2个意思  1、闪光to shine or give off light suddenly，如cameras flashed as the celebrities passed名人经过时相机光闪，如she flashed her car's headlights at us她向我们闪了下车前灯，如本例闪电，名词表示闪光灯a device used to produce a flash of light for taking photographs，如a picture taken using flash用闪光灯拍摄的照片  2、快速出现to appear or move quickly and suddenly，如a car flashed by车一闪而过，如the message flashed on the screen消息在屏幕上快速显示，如a flash of color/wit/anger瞬间的色彩/机智/怒火，flash memory闪存，tiktok flash challenge抖音快闪挑战，词组in a flash表示马上，如I'll be back in a flash我马上回来）         （burst突发迸发a short period of something that often starts suddenly，如a sudden burst of activity/energy/anger/enthusiasm迸发的活动/能量/怒火/热情，如spontaneous bursts of applause自发的阵阵掌声，如I tend to work in bursts我工作劲头往往是一阵一阵的）        


gleam: suggests a steady light seen through an obsuring medium or against a dark background: the lights of the town ~ed in the valley below.  除表示一点光，还可表示其它如a gleam of hope/genius /delight一点希望/天份(NCE4)/喜悦  steady稳定的free from interruptions or fluctuations无中断无震荡


glance: suggests a bright darting light reflected from a moving surface: sunlight ~d off the hull of the boat.   (glance的本意是快速地看，一瞥to look at someone or something very quickly，如I glanced at my watch看了下表，如they exchanged glances互瞄一眼，如she identified the problem at a glance一眼就找到问题=at first glance)   (dart有3个意思 1、快跑飞奔to move quickly and suddenly，如she darted across the deserted street飞奔过空无一人的街道，如she made a dart for the door她朝门口冲去 2、一瞥to look at something very quickly，如she darted a sly sideways glance at Bramwell她狡黠地从眼角瞥了一眼布拉姆韦尔 3、投飞镖 a small, narrow object with a sharp point which can be thrown or shot，如a poison dart毒镖)


glint: implies a quickly glancing or gleaming light: steel bars ~ed in the moonlight.


sparkle: suggests innumerable moving points of bright light: the ~ing waters of the gulf.    泛着光点（波光粼粼）的海湾          来自spark火花火星电火花        又如sparkling eyes炯炯有神的眼睛，he always sparkles at parties在各种聚会上，他总是光芒四射，如the performance lacked sparkle演出缺少亮点


glitter: connotes a brilliant sparkling or gleaming: ~ing diamonds.       brilliant表示sparkling闪耀implies intense and often sparkling brightness，如brilliant diamonds耀眼的钻石，和本例例句相同.   谚语all is not gold that glitters闪光未必尽黄金


glisten: applies to the soft, persistent sparkle from or as if from a wet or oily surface: rain-drenched sidewalks ~ed under the street lamps.   人行道


glimmer: suggests a faint, obscured, or wavering gleam: a lone light ~ed in the distance.    除表示1、微光a weak, unsteady light，如the glimmer of a distant star远处星星的微光  还表示2、少量a small amount or sign of something，如a glimmer of hope一丝希望


shimmer: implies a soft tremulous gleaming or a blurred reflection: a ~ing satin dress.    tremble微微振颤   satin缎子，即厚丝织品    


flash闪光: 指发出突然明亮的光，gleam一点光: 表示黑暗背景或模糊介质中的一个光点，glance一瞥: 指很快地看一下或很快闪过的一道光线，glint闪光: 很快的光线光点， sparkle闪耀: 表示发出无数光点， glitter闪耀: 表示灿烂耀眼(brilliant闪耀)的光点， glisten发微光: 指湿的地面的微弱的光，glimmer发微光: 指微弱而不稳的光点， shimmer发微光: 同上


记忆方法：1）首字母FGGGSGGGS想成FSS山峰上GGGGGG6道光<==闪光             "闪"这里表示"突然出现"，字面意思"人在门中一晃而过"，如闪光闪电闪烁闪耀闪现；引申为侧身躲避，如躲闪闪身闪开闪了一下腰

          2）练习一下    

          3）闪光的意思是发光mean to send forth light.首字母FGGGSGGGS想成FSS山峰上GGGGGG6道光<==闪光